Paradigm: Social problems

Social constructs refer to things that exist virtually through social interactions. Social constructs face opposition from objective reality. This vice is a social problem, or construct, which contains certain phenomenon such as crime, discrimination and poverty among others. In addition, they do not exist outside human social behavior context. Some of the most rampant social constructs in the current society include child abuse, stalking and alcoholism (Searle, 1995).

This phenomenon is a trouble spot within a society. A social problem or constraint is a condition that has been found to be harmful to an individual and the well-being of the society. These constructs are a source of problems to many people. It is clear that all problems are neither social nor anti-social. Social problems vary from other problems, because they have a close link to social values and social institutions.

These problems are social in the sense that they pertain to human relationship as well as normative contexts, which are the existence sites for all human beings. Alternatively, they fall under social interruptions in the expected and desired scheme of things. This means that violations of rights in the society define the quality (Suttles, 1972). There is a relationship between moral consciousness and social problems. Neither of these is available without the other. Therefore, whenever a society announces problems such as suicide or mental illness, it refers not only to certain types of aberrant behavior in terms of moral regard but to one of the most rampant contemporary social problems such as rape, child abuse, abortion and alcoholism. The following social constructs forms the basis of contemporary social problems.

Today, the population has significantly increased. This has made housing and urbanization become key social constructs that influence the welfare of people in the community. Urbanization and housing are dominant social constructs. Consequently, their contribution in the world can be the best and the worst in the society. This vice may result from their large concentration in a heterogeneous population. These cities usually magnify the social problem that exists in the entire society. At the same time, cities are centers for economic, cultural and religious influence centers for civilization. Therefore, they have beacons of opportunities and continually attract people seeking to end their problems elsewhere. The success of cities lays under the interdependence with the surrounding regions and, as a result, results in serious social problems (Mooney, 2009).

This is a sense where farmland fails to sustain urban population due to the loss of industry, tax revenues and population. It is a failure to maintain regional integration, which explains why world cities are in trouble. Social problems that result from the social construct of urbanization and housing are drugs, crime gangs, violence homelessness, poverty, and poor quality schools among others. Therefore, urbanization and housing result into many contemporary social problems. These problems influence the welfare of individuals in the community. The following makes a social construct in that many cities do not meet the demand of these houses. Again, these middle-income houses are in unfavorable conditions and need extensive improvement. This ensures a continued poverty life among city dwellers required to look for improved customs of earning so that they can afford better houses.

This leads to an increased late of social problems such as rape, crimes, prostitution and domestic violence (Ford, 1923).
The actual problem with urbanization and housing is that when these social problems arise, many sectors are affected. When there is a shortage of houses, people are forced to live in squalid slums or squatter settlements. The poor sewage facilities are another problem, which is inadequate. What happens is that there comes an outbreak of disease, which leads to the death of people. The governments in such case incur many expenses while trying to control such calamities.

Another social problem caused by the social constructs deals with health and nutrition. The mostly known diseases that results from poor sanitation services are parasitic diseases that are linked with the physical environment deficiencies such as overcrowded housing and large amounts of uncollected garbage. Transmission of infectious diseases has a link from overcrowding. It is clear that the lack of privacy can lead to mental health problems, which contribute to stress, and mental health problems such as psychosomatic disorders.

Congestion is connected with the spread of contagious diseases such as colds. Again, the lack of privacy may lead to mental health problems, stress and despair development of complications that results from psychosomatic mayhem. Food infectivity is connected with reduced food preparation circumstances or conditions, and storage space leads to the incidence and spread of contagious diseases. In case of food contamination, cases of diarrhea result contribute to the premature death of people.
The other social problem of urbanization and housing as a social construct is that it leads to air and water contamination, and other forms of environmental pollution. Pollution can lower standards of living. Such pollution is again linked to various diseases such as chronic illnesses.

One of the recommended ways of upgrading social constructs phenomena is that there are designed approaches towards the reduction of pollution cases in the urban centre. It should be ensured that the construction process and design of urban centers is coordinated and planed by a certain body of experts. This will eliminate cases of overcapacity and toxic waste and reduce the rate of social problems.

Solid waste disposal services should be made adequate by recycling process. This is one the crucial responsibilities of many governments in the urban centers. This helps reduce waste products and at serves as a basis of revenue to deprived people in these areas.

In the case of inadequate housing, there should be tracts of urban land that are divided into plots with the required support services. These plots should be sold or leased to people in order to build better houses. Moreover, by advancing projects should be taken with a set of concern. The main aim is to improve parts of urban centers that are illegally designed in order to bring shelter (Merton, 1966). Finally, construction of ordinary concrete structures with well design water and toilet facilities at an affordable cost.

The implication of this analysis in terms of social work practice is that many nongovernmental organizations are formed to help improve the clearing garbage of this urban centre. There is rise of corporate social responsibilities funding by firms that provide services to people for free. Such services may include creating awareness on the importance of living in an environment free from pollution. They also fund treatment services of disease that are caused by pollution, i.e. chronic illness.

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